Most people think that eye injuries occur in industries or construction sites, but in reality many eye injuries happen inside our homes.

A staggering 90% of eye injuries are actually preventable. However, while many people think that these injuries occur in industries or construction sites, in reality many eye injuries occur in the safety of our own homes. With October being Eye Safety Awareness Month, it is even more important that we raise awareness of simple measures we can take to protect our eyes from everyday risks at home. Even mundane activities such as handling household chemicals, cooking, or even gardening can pose potential hazards that can seriously damage our eye health. Understanding these hazards and taking precautions can greatly prevent eye injuries at home.

Major Eye Safety Risks at Home

We unknowingly put our eyes at risk when using various common household items. For example, a simple trip or fall at home can cause pens, furniture corners or other sharp objects to come into contact with the eyes, causing serious injury. Also, splashes of hot oil, especially when cooking, pose a serious risk to our eyes. A sudden splash of hot oil can cause burns or long-term damage to the eye. Misuse of kitchen cleaners and other harsh chemicals can also cause eye irritation, burns or permanent damage. Toys with small parts in the home pose a particular risk, especially for children. These toys can easily come into contact with the eyes or get into the eyes through carelessness. Tools such as lawn mowers and weed whackers used in the garden are also very dangerous. When these machines are in operation, small stones or other foreign objects can be thrown quickly and cause eye injuries. Similarly, chemicals used in gardening – fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides – can cause serious injury when they come into contact with the eyes. Chemical splashes can be prevented by proper handling and safe storage.

How to Prevent Eye Injuries at Home?

Consider the following measures to make your home a safer environment and reduce the risk of eye injuries;

• Wear Appropriate Protective Eyewear: Wearing protective eyewear when working with airborne particles or hazardous chemicals is critical to protecting eye health. Wearing goggles, especially when gardening, cleaning or repairing, significantly reduces the risks to your eyes. This simple precaution can make the difference between a minor incident and serious eye damage.
• Eliminate Tripping Hazards: Keep your home free of clutter that can lead to accidents. Toys, cables or items left unorganized on the floor can pose a hazard. Secure your carpets and make sure that areas with steps or stairs are well lit and equipped with sturdy railings.
• Prepare Your Garden Before Maintenance: Remove toys or debris from your lawn to prevent them from becoming projectiles when you mow your lawn or use other machinery.
• Use Chemicals Safely: Always read the labels of household cleaners, fertilizers and other chemical products and use them as directed. Never mix chemicals that can cause dangerous reactions, such as bleach and ammonia. Also, keep such chemicals in safe areas out of the reach of children and pets.
• Avoid Touching Your Eyes: Always avoid touching your eyes when handling chemicals or after touching potentially contaminated surfaces.

What to do in an emergency?

It is very important to have a plan to effectively respond to eye injury emergencies at home. Here’s what to do in common situations:

• Serious Injuries: If an object enters the eye, do not try to remove it. Seek emergency medical attention immediately. Improper intervention in such cases can cause further damage to the eye.
• Small Foreign Objects: While hospital care is recommended, some small particles can be removed using tear drops.

Chemical Exposure: Any chemical exposure should be washed off immediately with water and then go to the hospital to make sure there are no chemicals left.

October 2024

It may surprise you how different vision and eye health can be between the sexes. For example, men have a higher risk of suffering serious eye injuries, while women are generally more susceptible to various eye diseases.

Women face a greater risk of certain eye conditions, such as glaucoma, which encompasses a group of conditions that damage the optic nerve, leading to irreversible vision loss, and age-related macular degeneration, which gradually erodes central vision. This increased vulnerability in women is largely attributed to longer life expectancies; the more years we live, the more likely we are to face these vision problems. Early detection is the most effective defense against these potentially devastating conditions. In addition, women are more prone to chronic dry eye and diffuse refractive errors, which are usually managed with glasses or contact lenses.

Men, on the other hand, are not immune to hormone-related vision changes, although they do not experience hormonal changes as frequently or dramatically as women. During puberty, it is common for boys to develop temporary myopia as their eyes grow with their bodies. Not all cases correct naturally, but fortunately this type of myopia can usually be corrected with glasses. Men are statistically more prone to eye injuries because they are more likely to engage in high-risk occupations and sports. There is also a tendency among men to neglect wearing protective equipment and to minimize or ignore injuries when they occur.

October 2024

Eye examination in infants is performed by dilating the pupil and examining the anterior and posterior eye sections with the help of devices.

The first eye examination in a baby must be performed by an ophthalmologist in the newborn period. In this period, it is essential for the healthy development of vision that the path that the light, which we call the visual axis, follows to the visual layer behind the eye after entering the eye, is clear. Determining whether this path is anatomically clear and determining that all intraocular structures are anatomically normal is the basis of the newborn eye examination. Congenital drooping of the eyelid (congenital ptosis), mass formations that prevent the opening of the eyelid, congenital disorders of the transparent layer called the cornea, congenital cataracts, congenital diseases of the visual layer of the eye called the retina and the visual nerve (optic nerve), congenital high eye pressure are conditions that should be detected early in this period. The first examination should be performed by dilating the pupils of the baby with drops in order to perform a healthy newborn eye examination and to prevent congenital structural problems from being missed.

The second eye examination of the baby should be performed in the 6-8 month period and it should be evaluated whether the eyes move in coordination, the baby’s focusing and tracking of objects. The main purpose of the examination in this period is to have an idea about whether the baby’s visual function is developing in accordance with his/her age. The presence of strabismus in the eyes during this period will both prevent the development of depth perception and lead to laziness in later life as a result of the sliding eye not learning to focus and see. Early detection and treatment of strabismus is important in preventing vision loss. The presence of undetected refractive errors results in the inability of the eye to learn to see and the eye to remain lazy as a result of incomplete development of visual acuity. In every examination, the retina layer behind the eye should be evaluated by an ophthalmologist in terms of early childhood diseases.

October 2024