They say the eyes are the mirror of the soul. However, did you know that your eyes are the harbingers of many diseases that you are not aware of?

are not aware of?
If you experience problems such as burning, redness or yellowing in your eyes, you may think that the problem is with your eyes. However, experts argue that you can detect the first signals of some diseases in the eyes.

Dr. Rachel Ward says that some of the symptoms that appear in your eyes may be a sign of 5 serious conditions:

White or yellow swelling
If you have white or yellow bumps on your eyelids or around your nose, you may have high cholesterol. If you have these symptoms, you may want to check your cholesterol.

Yellow eyes
If the whites of your eyes turn yellow, you may have high levels of bilirubin in your blood. Yellow eyes can be a sign of jaundice, but can also indicate a liver infection, gallstones or cancer.

Light colored eye veins
When you pull down your lower eyelid, you should see a red or pink vein. If your blood values are low, you may be suffering from anemia. Anemia, which is more common in women than in men, is caused by iron deficiency.

Impaired vision
If you find that some parts of your vision are missing, you may be at risk of a stroke. The part of your brain involved in vision will be affected during a stroke.

Bulging eye
Eyes that look like they are popping out may be a sign of an overactive thyroid. One in 3 people with overactive thyroid glands experience eye problems.

Mayıs 2023

With the seasonal changes, complaints of dry eyes and allergies have started to increase due to weather conditions.

Allergic conditions that occur with the arrival of spring should not be taken lightly; because eye allergies can be seasonal or temporary, and if not treated in time, they can bring the risk of blindness. Assoc. Dr. Abdullah Özkaya from Memorial Şişli Hospital Eye Center made suggestions about eye allergies and their treatments.

Is it Really Allergic?
Eye allergy, which is a very common complaint, or allergic conjunctivitis with its medical name, is the reaction of the eyes to something that irritates them, namely an allergen. Eye allergies develop when the body’s immune system becomes sensitized and overreacts to something in the environment that usually does not cause problems for most people. Unlike other types of conjunctivitis, eye allergies do not spread from person to person. Because eye allergies share symptoms with other eye diseases, it is important to make the correct diagnosis. For example, eye allergies and eye infections are different conditions with similar symptoms but different medical causes. If the eyes are red and irritated and no foreign objects are visible on the eye, this may be due to an allergy. Ophthalmologists, i.e. ophthalmologists, use a special lamp eye microscope to detect swollen blood vessels on the surface of the eye in order to understand which is the problem and to differentiate between infection and allergy.

Apply ice compress
Stating that eye allergy is a disease that occurs with symptoms such as redness, watering, burning, rarely stinging and itching in the eyes as a result of the mixing of tree and plant pollen into the air starting in March and April, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abdullah Özkaya said, “In case of eyelid swelling during the allergy period, wrapping ice in a clean towel and applying it to the eye in the morning reduces eye redness and edema in the eyelid.”

Use water-based paint in your home
Stating that since the dusting of flowers increases during these months, those who feel uncomfortable with the existing flowers in the house should take their flowers to their balconies if possible or ventilate the room to reduce contact, Özkaya said, “Allergy is not only in flowers, it can also be caused by other substances that grow in humid environments such as fungi. If the walls of the house are painted with synthetic paint, after a while the walls start to stop breathing. If the house is damp and there are blisters and color changes in the paint, it also affects the air inside and increases allergies. I recommend that allergic people use breathable, water-based paints for their house paints.”

Advice for lens wearers
Stating that people who use contact lenses are more prone to allergies in spring, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abdullah Özkaya said, “There are different solutions for lens wearers. For example, it is possible to make allergic periods comfortable by applying drops before wearing the lens in the morning and after the lens is removed in the evening.”

There may be a risk of blindness
Stating that allergic conjunctivitis is defined as a non-microbial inflammation of the membrane called conjunctiva, which surrounds the inside of the eyelids and the white part of the eye, due to allergies, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abdullah Özkaya talked about its effect on children as follows, “Although classical allergic conjunctivitis is very common in children, a special type of allergy called vernal allergic conjunctivitis can be seen from the age of 5-6. This condition requires more intensive follow-up and stricter treatment. Because when the treatment progresses, it can progress to vision loss. Eye allergies in children need to be handled carefully. In cases of intense redness and watery eyes, we add cortisone medications on the 5th to 10th day of treatment in addition to standard allergy medications. Our cortisone medications should be used under the supervision of a doctor to provide rapid relief to our patients.”

Always consult an ophthalmologist
Stating that an ophthalmologist should definitely be consulted for the correct diagnosis, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abdullah Özkaya said, “Eye allergy treatment needs to be planned and followed individually. For this reason, it is necessary not to use the existing eye drops at home that you have used before without consulting a doctor again in this season because they are good. It is important for people with allergic reactions to consult an ophthalmologist. When the patients arrive, we examine them, diagnose them, treat them with appropriate medications and ensure that they spend this season more comfortably and under control.”

May 2023

Decreased distance or near vision, difficulty in driving, frequent changes in spectacle
numbers are among the symptoms of cataracts.

Decreased distance or near vision, faded and yellowed colors, difficulty in driving, light sensitivity and seeing rings around lights, double vision in one eye, frequent changes in eyeglass or contact lens numbers, and sometimes even the sudden decrease in the need for reading glasses in patients who use reading glasses or start seeing close-up without glasses are indicators of cataract development. While cataract is defined as an irreversible disorder, surgical applications come to the fore as the only treatment method. There is a natural crystalline lens just behind the colored layer of the eye. This lens is transparent and reduces the rays coming into the eye to the retinal nerve layer and provides a clear image. Opacification and clouding of this lens for different reasons leads to blurred and low vision. This condition is called cataract. Beware if your glasses number changes frequently! Age-related cataracts usually progress gradually. Therefore, the patient may not feel any change in vision in the early stages. While the prevalence of cataracts is 5% around the age of 65, it increases to 50% at the age of 75. However, cataract is not only an age-related disease. Diabetes, hypertension, obesity, exposure to sunlight, radiation, long-term use of cortisone medication, eye trauma, uveitis or previous eye surgery can cause cataracts to appear at an earlier age. Congenital cataracts can also be seen in infants. Some metabolic diseases, consanguineous marriage, certain diseases and infections in the womb, and the use of medication during pregnancy can lead to this condition. The only treatment method for cataracts is surgery and the diagnosis is made by an ophthalmologist through a biomicroscopic examination. The only treatment for cataract is surgery and cataract surgery is the most common procedure in ophthalmology.

March 2023

Permanent makeup, which is preferred by women who want to save time and work at a busy work pace, can also cause permanent health problems. This procedure, which is applied with anesthesia, may induce to serious diseases transmitted through blood as well as skin problems.

Today, permanent makeup is frequently preferred, especially for lips and eyes. Permanent makeup, which saves women from the rush of applying makeup every day and removing their makeup at the end of the day, also has its harms. Permanent makeup, which many women prefer, is a type of makeup technique made by injecting colored tattoo ink under the skin. In permanent makeup application, micro-needles are used to draw smoother and thinner lines. While microblading is applied on the eyebrows, micropigmentation applications called coloring are applied on the eyes and lips by specially trained specialists. Although permanent makeup application performed by experts in sterile environments using the right products does not cause any harm, sometimes troublesome situations may arise. Here are the damages of permanent makeup…

Skin Complications May Occur: Permanent makeup can cause complications such as cracking, peeling, blistering and local infection on sensitive skin.

Scars may occur in case of removal: In cases such as patient dissatisfaction, scars may also occur as a result of removal of permanent makeup.

Unsterilized Instruments Can Transmit Disease: The use of unsterilized permanent makeup tools can infect the patient with serious diseases such as HIV and hepatitis.

March 2023

Brain tumors, caused by abnormal growth of tissues in the brain, can cause headaches, morning sickness and visual disturbances in children.

Brain tumors develop when the normal structures of the cells that make up structures such as brain tissue, cerebellum, vessels and meninges within the skull are disrupted and grow uncontrollably. Severe headache, nausea, weakness in arms and legs can be symptoms of brain tumors. In addition, brain tumors can cause speech disorders, hearing loss and psychological imbalances. If left untreated, these tumors, which rank second among childhood cancers, can cause permanent damage and life-threatening conditions in children.

Early diagnosis is very important

Although brain tumors may seem rare, they are the most common tumors of childhood after leukemia. The exact cause of brain tumors is unknown, but they are thought to be caused by environmental pollution, genetic factors and unbalanced nutrition. Symptoms of brain tumors in children differ from those in adults. In adults, brain tumors mostly manifest as severe headaches, whereas in children they are more often associated with visual and developmental impairment.

Beware of temporary vision loss, headache and hearing loss!

60-65% of the brain is devoted to the visual pathways and higher centers related to vision. An object can only be seen if the image is perceived first in the eye and then in the visual center in the back of the brain. When there is a problem in these visual pathways, symptoms may appear as sudden or progressive vision loss. In diseases involving eye movements, the main symptom is double vision and the problem may involve eye muscles, nerves or control centers in the brain. Complaints such as temporary loss of vision or double vision, hallucinations, droopy eyelids, and differences in the size of the pupils can be signs of a brain tumor.

Size difference between two eyes is the most important symptom of brain tumor

Seeing everything double means that the eyes are not in the correct position. It usually occurs due to a problem in the control of the eyes by the brain. In children, turning one eye in or out later on indicates that the brain has lost control of the eyes. This may occur because the eye cannot see and cannot tell the brain which direction it is looking in, or the brain control systems themselves may be impaired by a tumor.  The pupils

are round or equal in size in both eyes. The size of the pupil regulates the amount of light entering the eye and is controlled by the brain. This is because it is the easiest way to observe the result of normal or impaired nerve connections with the brain. Therefore, if there is an irregular pupil or a difference in size between the two eyes, a doctor should be consulted.

Treatment varies according to the age of the patient

There are tumors that can be cured by surgical removal, but sometimes a combination of chemotherapy or radiotherapy may also be required. The various treatment options are determined by the nature of the tumor and often by the age and functional status of the child. As a general rule, radiotherapy is very important in the treatment of adult brain tumors. However, radiation treatments can have adverse effects on the developing brain. For this reason, chemotherapy is often the first choice in young children.

March 2023

Myopia and irregular astigmatism occur in patients with keratoconus. So, patients cannot see far or near very clearly. Their eye grades are constantly increasing and therefore frequent spectacle changes are required.

Ophthalmologist Op. Dr. Eyüp Özcan gave information about the subject. Keratoconus is a disease with progressive thinning and steepening of the cornea seen in 1 out of every 2000 people in the society. In the presence of this disease, there is a rapid increase in spectacle numbers and complaints of inability to see well despite eyeglasses. Keratoconus often occurs in adolescence and it is also known to start in childhood. The most common known cause of the disease is eye rubbing due to allergic eye diseases. If the correct allergy treatment is not performed and the eye is rubbed, the cornea mechanically weakens and keratoconus disease occurs with the activation of certain enzymes. Allergic eye diseases are more common and the incidence of keratoconus is also increasing, especially in countries like our country where the sun’s rays are steep. In adolescents with allergic eye disease, corneal topography should be performed even if there is no refractive error.

Keratoconus Symptoms

– Blurred vision (due to an increase in myopia and astigmatism over time),

– Distorted, oblique vision,

– Glare in the eye,

– Eye sensitivity to light, glare,

– Image proliferation

– Redness, itching and swelling of the eye

– Impaired night vision

– Incomplete placement of the previously used contact lens in the eye

– Frequent increase in spectacle numbers (especially myopia and astigmatism)

These patients usually have myopia and astigmatism refractive error. The presence of keratoconus should be investigated in patients whose spectacle numbers change rapidly. While vision is good with glasses in the early stages of the disease, eyeglasses are insufficient in the middle and late stages. In this case, hard gas permeable contact lenses specially produced for keratoconus can be used, but it should be known that they are not very comfortable to wear. In advanced cases, visual acuity can be improved by corneal ring application and phakic intraocular lens implantation. With early diagnosis of the disease, the progression of the disease can be stopped with a high success rate with corneal crosslinking operation and a good level of vision can be maintained for a lifetime. Unfortunately, corneal transplantation is the last resort for patients with corneas that are diagnosed late and too thin to undergo crosslinking. Op. Dr. Eyüp Özcan said, ”Keratoconus is a disease that creates a serious socio-economic burden on which many treatments are being developed all over the world. It is a preventable problem with early diagnosis and cross-linking treatment. Every patient under 18 years of age should be evaluated with corneal topography and corneal cross-linking treatment should be applied in the presence of progressive keratoconus.

February 2023

Myopia continues to increase worldwide. The reason for this is that digital screens are used too much today.

The most common cause of visual impairment in the world is refractive error, namely myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. Myopia is the most common disorder among these. 2.2 billion people in the world are currently experiencing vision problems. Unfortunately, myopia continues to increase in the world. The reason for this is that digital screens are used too much today. Another factor in the development of myopia is a family history of myopia. Generally, when parents have myopia, this possibility is very high in children.

Emphasizing that myopia is more common in people who work close to the screen, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Aylin Kılıç said, “High-grade myopes not only have distance vision defects but also carry many risks in their eyes. Retinal diseases can be among these risks. Many diseases such as retinal detachment, the development of new vessels in the retina or cataracts, glaucoma can be seen at a higher rate with myopes. Recently, it has been announced that refractive errors show a different spread according to geography. Another study showed that socioeconomic factors and those who do not spend much time outdoors are very important in the development of myopia. For example, the more children play in sunlight, the less likely they are to develop myopia. Ultraviolet rays cause the body to release dopamine, which reduces the axial length of the eye. In myopes, the length of the eye has a high anterior and posterior diameter, this height can be stopped thanks to dopamine.”

February 2023