A recent large scale study has revealed that daily consumption of instant coffee may increase the risk of age related macular degeneration, a condition that can lead to vision loss.

Health data from more than 500,000 people in the United Kingdom Biobank database were analyzed. The study found that individuals who consumed instant coffee faced a higher risk of developing dry type age related macular degeneration, which is a leading cause of vision loss in later years. In contrast, no similar risk was observed among those who drank filter coffee or decaffeinated coffee. This disease usually appears after the age of 55, although genetic factors may trigger it earlier. If left untreated, it can cause significant vision impairment. In participants, degeneration was observed in the central part of the retina, which affects the ability to read, drive, and recognize faces. Experts highlight that certain additives used in instant coffee or compounds related to its production process may have harmful effects on retinal health.

Turkish coffee is preferable
The primary risk factors for macular degeneration are age and genetics. Other contributing factors include high blood pressure, smoking, dietary habits, elevated lipid and cholesterol levels, prolonged exposure to sunlight, and obesity. While age and genetic predisposition cannot be eliminated, the other risk factors can be managed. The Mediterranean diet is recommended for individuals with poor nutritional habits who face a risk of macular degeneration. For this reason, people with a high risk of age related macular degeneration are advised to avoid instant coffee. Instead, filter coffee, Turkish coffee, or espresso can be preferred.

September 2025